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Transonic: Aircraft that are built with swept wings has Mach number is between 0.8 – 2.1.

Subsonic: Commercial aircraft with aerodynamic features such as the rounded nose and leading edges have Mach number below 0.8.

The various regimes of Mach values are given based on the ratio values. Due to it being a dimensionless quantity but not a measurable unit the number is put after the term Mach only, like Mach 4 and not 4 Mach. The Mach number is referred to as a dimensionless number because it is expressed as the ratio of two speeds.Īn Austrian philosopher and physicist Ernst Mach has worked on it.

The medium may be channeled through various devices such as wind tunnels or sometimes even may be immersed in the medium. Sometimes the medium and boundary both may be traveling with some speed. Or also the boundary may be traveling in a medium that is at rest state. The medium can be flowing whereas the boundary may be a stable one. Here, the medium can either be a liquid or a gas. This flow can be determined as an incompressible flow with the help of this important number. The Mach number due to the local speed of sound is normally dependent on the surrounding mediums at some specific temperature and pressure. Also, Mach number 1.65 will be 65% faster than the speed of sound which is called supersonic speed. Thus, Mach 0.75 will be 75% of the speed of sound, which is also called as subsonic. To explain its concept simply, the speed of sound can be equated to Mach Number 1 speed. In this article, we will learn the Mach number formula with examples.

In various fast speed aircraft and airplanes, Mach number is useful for many calculations and comparisons. So, Mach number is useful to compare the speed of an object with the speed of sound. In other words, it is the ratio of the speed of some object to the speed of sound in the surrounding medium. It is the number as the ratio of flow velocity after a certain limit of the sounds speed. Mach number is an important coefficient term that we use in motion in the air.